DifferentiablePiecewiseAffine¶
-
class
menpofit.transform.
DifferentiablePiecewiseAffine
(source, target)[source]¶ -
A differentiable Piecewise Affine Transformation.
This is composed of a number of triangles defined be a set of source and target vertices. These vertices are related by a common triangle list. No limitations on the nature of the triangle list are imposed. Points can then be mapped via barycentric coordinates from the source to the target space. Trying to map points that are not contained by any source triangle throws a TriangleContainmentError, which contains diagnostic information.
The transform can compute its own derivative with respect to spatial changes, as well as anchor landmark changes.
-
alignment_error
()¶ The Frobenius Norm of the difference between the target and the aligned source.
- Type
float
-
apply
(x, batch_size=None, **kwargs)¶ Applies this transform to
x
.If
x
is Transformable,x
will be handed this transform object to transform itself non-destructively (a transformed copy of the object will be returned).If not,
x
is assumed to be an ndarray. The transformation will be non-destructive, returning the transformed version.Any
kwargs
will be passed to the specific transform_apply()
method.- Parameters
x (Transformable or
(n_points, n_dims)
ndarray) – The array or object to be transformed.batch_size (int, optional) – If not
None
, this determines how many items from the numpy array will be passed through the transform at a time. This is useful for operations that require large intermediate matrices to be computed.kwargs (dict) – Passed through to
_apply()
.
- Returns
transformed (
type(x)
) – The transformed object or array
-
apply_inplace
(*args, **kwargs)¶ Deprecated as public supported API, use the non-mutating apply() instead.
For internal performance-specific uses, see _apply_inplace().
-
compose_after
(transform)¶ Returns a TransformChain that represents this transform composed after the given transform:
c = a.compose_after(b) c.apply(p) == a.apply(b.apply(p))
a
andb
are left unchanged.This corresponds to the usual mathematical formalism for the compose operator, o.
- Parameters
transform (Transform) – Transform to be applied before self
- Returns
transform (TransformChain) – The resulting transform chain.
-
compose_before
(transform)¶ Returns a TransformChain that represents this transform composed before the given transform:
c = a.compose_before(b) c.apply(p) == b.apply(a.apply(p))
a
andb
are left unchanged.- Parameters
transform (Transform) – Transform to be applied after self
- Returns
transform (TransformChain) – The resulting transform chain.
-
copy
()¶ Generate an efficient copy of this object.
Note that Numpy arrays and other Copyable objects on
self
will be deeply copied. Dictionaries and sets will be shallow copied, and everything else will be assigned (no copy will be made).Classes that store state other than numpy arrays and immutable types should overwrite this method to ensure all state is copied.
- Returns
type(self)
– A copy of this object
-
d_dl
(points)[source]¶ The derivative of the warp with respect to spatial changes in anchor landmark points or centres, evaluated at points.
- Parameters
points (
(n_points, n_dims)
ndarray) – The spatial points at which the derivative should be evaluated.- Returns
d_dl (
(n_points, n_centres, n_dims)
ndarray) – The Jacobian wrt landmark changes.d_dl[i, k, m]
is the scalar differential change that the any dimension of thei
’th point experiences due to a first order change in them
’th dimension of thek
’th landmark point.Note that at present this assumes that the change in every dimension is equal.
-
d_dx
(points)[source]¶ The first order derivative of the warp with respect to spatial changes evaluated at points.
- Parameters
points (
(n_points, n_dims)
ndarray) – The spatial points at which the derivative should be evaluated.- Returns
d_dx (
(n_points, n_dims, n_dims)
ndarray) – The Jacobian wrt spatial changes.d_dx[i, j, k]
is the scalar differential change that thej
’th dimension of thei
’th point experiences due to a first order change in thek
’th dimension.It may be the case that the Jacobian is constant across space - in this case axis zero may have length
1
to allow for broadcasting.- Raises
TriangleContainmentError: – If any point is outside any triangle of this PWA.
-
index_alpha_beta
(points)¶ Finds for each input point the index of its bounding triangle and the alpha and beta value for that point in the triangle. Note this means that the following statements will always be true:
alpha + beta <= 1 alpha >= 0 beta >= 0
for each triangle result.
Trying to map a point that does not exist in a triangle throws a TriangleContainmentError.
- Parameters
points (
(K, 2)
ndarray) – Points to test.- Returns
tri_index (
(L,)
ndarray) – Triangle index for each of the points, assigning each point to it’s containing triangle.alpha (
(L,)
ndarray) – Alpha for containing triangle of each point.beta (
(L,)
ndarray) – Beta for containing triangle of each point.
- Raises
TriangleContainmentError – All points must be contained in a source triangle. Check error.points_outside_source_domain to handle this case.
-
pseudoinverse
()¶ The pseudoinverse of the transform - that is, the transform that results from swapping source and target, or more formally, negating the transforms parameters. If the transform has a true inverse this is returned instead.
- Type
type(self)
-
set_target
(new_target)¶ Update this object so that it attempts to recreate the
new_target
.- Parameters
new_target (PointCloud) – The new target that this object should try and regenerate.
-
property
has_true_inverse
¶ The inverse is true.
- Type
True
-
property
n_dims_output
¶ The output of the data from the transform.
None
if the output of the transform is not dimension specific.- Type
int or
None
-
property
n_tris
¶ The number of triangles in the triangle list.
- Type
int
-
property
source
¶ The source PointCloud that is used in the alignment.
The source is not mutable.
- Type
-
property
target
¶ The current PointCloud that this object produces.
To change the target, use
set_target()
.- Type
-
property
trilist
¶ The triangle list.
- Type
(n_tris, 3)
ndarray
-